The impact of the lockdown may vary from country to country, and it is likely to increase global poverty and inequalities ( 3– 6). Influences of COVID-19 Pandemic on Fertility Rate Worldwide The Socio-Economic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Thus, the impact of the pandemic on conception, pregnancy, and birth will likely greatly differ in advanced and emerging economies. Furthermore, different propagation patterns of the COVID-19 pandemic as occurring in different countries and even in regions within countries may also in turn lead to other consequences, the latter related to different socio-economic conditions, healthcare facilities and access, and financial stability ( 2). Thus, in addition to the physical health effects of the virus in those persons infected, the pandemic is also causing detrimental social and mental health effects, which in turn can influence fertility, conception, gestation, and birth. Since no licensed vaccines or specific antiviral treatments are currently available for COVID-19, some initiatives such as spatial distancing restrictions and lockdowns across the world have been strictly imposed to prevent the spread of the virus and reduce the magnitude of the pandemic.Īs a result of the transmission control efforts, more than two-thirds of the world population have experienced lockdown measures, lasting from weeks to months, and thereby affecting family and social lives, as well as imposing a substantial burden on mental health ( 2). It can also spread by touching contaminated surfaces followed the touching of the face, nose, and eyes with unwashed hands. The virus generally spreads between persons during close contact, most often through small droplets produced by sneezing, coughing, and talking.
At the time of writing, more than 50.5 million cases have been reported across 213 countries and territories, and have ultimately resulted in more than 1.26 million deaths (Novem(Source: Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center ). By March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was declared as a global pandemic by the WHO, and has since continued to spread at an accelerated rate. To date, the spread of this disease has been extremely rapid throughout the world ( 1), and the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency on January 30, 2020. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, People's Republic of China. Additionally, we have also depicted how economic conditions, mental health, fear, and mortality may also influence future birth rates. In general, epidemics manifest a common pattern as far as their impact on population, which is remarkably similar to natural disasters, i.e., a steep decline in birth rates followed by gradual increases and then followed by a baby boom.
Based on previous extant literature, this paper overviews the potential demographic consequences of the current progressively widespread epidemic on conception and fertility as driven by the data obtained during similar prior incidents. This highly contagious disease originated in China, and rapidly spread worldwide, leading to extensive lockdown policies being implemented globally with the aim of containing the infection rates and its serious attendant consequences.
Here, we examine the potential effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on future birth rates.
6Department of Child Health, MU Women's and Children's Hospital, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States.5International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.4Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.3Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.2Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.1Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.Asad Ullah 1 Abu Tayab Moin 2 Yusha Araf 3 Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan 4 Mark D.
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